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Tuesday, 15 February 2022

Besser vernetzt

Kreative Menschen ordnen ihr Wissen weniger hierarchisch. Das fördert das flexible Denken, hat ein Forschungsteam um Psychologen Mathias Benedek herausgefunden. Grafik: Pixabay

Kreative Menschen ordnen ihr Wissen weniger hierarchisch. Das fördert das flexible Denken, hat ein Forschungsteam um Psychologen Mathias Benedek herausgefunden. Grafik: Pixabay

HirnforscherInnen entschlüsseln Denkweise kreativer Menschen

Dem Überraschungsbesuch ein exquisites Abendessen servieren, den Fehler im Computerprogramm umgehen, ein Liebesgedicht verfassen: Einfallsreichtum ist in allen Lebenslagen hilfreich. Welche Netzwerke im Gehirn für solche spontane Handlungen nötig sind, hat ein internationales Forschungsteam nun herausgefunden, dem Psychologe Mathias Benedek von der Universität Graz angehört: Kreative Personen organisieren ihr Wissen flexibler und können dadurch entfernte Querverbindungen leichter herstellen.
„Was wir gelernt haben, speichern wir im sogenannten semantischen Gedächtnis. Das ist in der Regel gut strukturiert, was unter anderem hilfreich ist, um Bekanntes schnell erinnern zu können und um neue Dinge rasch zuzuordnen“, schildert Benedek. Bei kreativeren Personen ist das semantische Gedächtnis jedoch etwas weniger hierarchisch organisiert. Das fördert das flexible Denken.
Nicht nur die Querverbindungen im semantischen Gedächtnis spielen eine Rolle, auch die einzelnen Hirnareale, die bei kreativen Tätigkeiten aktiviert werden, sind anders miteinander vernetzt. „Diese Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Verhalten, den Gehirn- und den Gedächtnisnetzwerken konnten wir mit den Methoden der Komplexitätsforschung erstmals aufzeigen“, unterstreicht der Grazer Psychologe die Bedeutung der Erkenntnisse. Die Vernetzungen verändern sich ständig durch neue Erfahrungen. Somit lässt sich auch das kreative Denken prinzipiell steigern.

Die Ergebnisse der Studie, für die Mathias Benedek mit ForscherInnen des Pariser Brain Institute und des Israel Institute of Technology zusammenarbeitete, sind in der Zeitschrift „Science Advances“ erschienen.

 

created by Dagmar Eklaude

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Learning better: Can science experiments in group settings help children with autism?

How can pupils with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have positive learning experiences and improve their social skills? Researchers at the University of Graz are investigating how science experiments in group settings can contribute to this. Initial results from the project, which is funded by the Austrian Science Fund FWF, show that children react differently depending on the kind of neurodiversity, but that experimentation classes with the right setting definitely have potential. "Pupils with ASD can do more than is currently expected of them in many cases," says project leader Uwe Simon.

Sustainability Award 2024 for two projects of the University of Graz

How do major international conferences reduce their carbon footprint? And what can maths lessons contribute to education for sustainable development? Two questions that were answered at the University of Graz. The corresponding projects were awarded the Sustainability Award 2024 in silver on 26 November in Vienna. This award for Austria's universities and colleges is presented by the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Climate Protection.

Bees under observation: University of Graz provides unprecedented insights into the hive

What is going on in the combs? How many eggs is the queen laying? How much honey is there? Autonomous robots and AI algorithms provide important data and high-resolution real-time images from inside a beehive. "As part of an international team, we have developed a game-changer technology for a new type of digitalised behavioural research," reports biologist Thomas Schmickl from the Artifical Life Lab at the University of Graz. The publication, which has just appeared as the cover story in the journal "Science Robotics", describes the wealth of information that can be obtained from this unique research facility.

Research for healthy aging: FWF funds Cluster of Excellence "MetAGE" with 18 million euros

Six researchers from the Field of Excellence "BioHealth" at the University of Graz, together with colleagues from the Medical Universities of Graz and Vienna, have acquired an FWF-funded "Cluster of Excellence". Now a newly formed center of excellence will be created under the leadership of the University of Graz. The aim is to gain a better understanding of healthy aging. The findings will flow directly into clinical research.

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