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Wednesday, 23 June 2021

Blüten wie Heu

Bunte Pracht in den Karpaten: ForscherInnen der Uni Graz wollen diese Artenvielfalt auch auf heimischen Wiesen wiederherstellen. Foto: Uni Graz/Magnes

Bunte Pracht in den Karpaten: ForscherInnen der Uni Graz wollen diese Artenvielfalt auch auf heimischen Wiesen wiederherstellen. Foto: Uni Graz/Magnes

BiologInnen der Uni Graz bringen Artenvielfalt auf Wiesen zurück

Der Duft von frischem Heu ist ein seltener Genuss geworden. Die Mahd wird nämlich rasch in Siloballen gepackt – und zwar schon vor dem Aufblühen der Gräser. „Dann ist das Futter für die Viehhaltung am proteinreichsten“, erklärt Martin Magnes, Biologe an der Universität Graz. Allerdings geht so auch die Artenvielfalt verloren: Die zu früh geschnittenen Pflanzen können sich nicht aussäen, ohne Blüten finden Insekten zu wenig Nahrung, damit wiederum fällt eine wichtige Futterquelle für Vögel weg. „Außerdem finden Vögel und Wildbienen auf den getrimmten Agrarflächen weniger Brutmöglichkeiten“, ergänzt der Wissenschafter.

Um auch in Mitteleuropa wieder artenreiche Wiesen und vielfältige Lebensräume zu schaffen, untersucht Magnes mit einem internationalen Team traditionell bewirtschaftetes Grünland in den Karpaten. „Dort wird mit hofeigenem Festmist gedüngt, die erste Mahd erfolgt spät, dafür werden die Wiesen im Frühjahr kurz beweidet“, zählt er Praktiken auf, die auch bei uns zum Einsatz kommen könnten. „Die artenreichen Flächen mit Gräsern und Kräutern liefern nicht nur Insekten Nahrung, sondern auch dem Vieh ein nährstoffreicheres und gesundes Futter“, ergänzt er. Über ein Crowdfunding-Projekt soll nun eine weitere Forschungsexpedition in wenig untersuchte Regionen finanziert werden. „Wir erwarten uns konkrete Hinweise, wie das verarmte Grünland in Mitteleuropa wieder optimal bewirtschaftet werden könnte“, so der Biologe.

 

created by Dagmar Eklaude

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Learning better: Can science experiments in group settings help children with autism?

How can pupils with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have positive learning experiences and improve their social skills? Researchers at the University of Graz are investigating how science experiments in group settings can contribute to this. Initial results from the project, which is funded by the Austrian Science Fund FWF, show that children react differently depending on the kind of neurodiversity, but that experimentation classes with the right setting definitely have potential. "Pupils with ASD can do more than is currently expected of them in many cases," says project leader Uwe Simon.

Sustainability Award 2024 for two projects of the University of Graz

How do major international conferences reduce their carbon footprint? And what can maths lessons contribute to education for sustainable development? Two questions that were answered at the University of Graz. The corresponding projects were awarded the Sustainability Award 2024 in silver on 26 November in Vienna. This award for Austria's universities and colleges is presented by the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Climate Protection.

Bees under observation: University of Graz provides unprecedented insights into the hive

What is going on in the combs? How many eggs is the queen laying? How much honey is there? Autonomous robots and AI algorithms provide important data and high-resolution real-time images from inside a beehive. "As part of an international team, we have developed a game-changer technology for a new type of digitalised behavioural research," reports biologist Thomas Schmickl from the Artifical Life Lab at the University of Graz. The publication, which has just appeared as the cover story in the journal "Science Robotics", describes the wealth of information that can be obtained from this unique research facility.

Research for healthy aging: FWF funds Cluster of Excellence "MetAGE" with 18 million euros

Six researchers from the Field of Excellence "BioHealth" at the University of Graz, together with colleagues from the Medical Universities of Graz and Vienna, have acquired an FWF-funded "Cluster of Excellence". Now a newly formed center of excellence will be created under the leadership of the University of Graz. The aim is to gain a better understanding of healthy aging. The findings will flow directly into clinical research.

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