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Wednesday, 08 July 2015

Klein, schnell, sparsam

Biegsame, leitfähige Nanodrähte konnte Leonhard Grill mit seinem Team erstmals herstellen. Foto: Uni Graz/Grill

Biegsame, leitfähige Nanodrähte konnte Leonhard Grill mit seinem Team erstmals herstellen. Foto: Uni Graz/Grill

Forscher der Uni Graz entwickeln flexible molekulare Drähte

Ladungen müssen in allen elektrischen Geräten unseres Alltags transportiert werden. Dabei fließen typischerweise Elektronen über Kupferdrähte zwischen Bauteilen wie Schaltern oder Transistoren. Extrem kleine Schaltkreise lassen hohe Operationsgeschwindigkeiten zu, senken die Kosten und minimieren den Energieverbrauch. „Wir versuchen daher, die elektronischen Funktionen in einzelne Moleküle zu packen. Flexible molekulare Drähte mit hoher Leitfähigkeit herzustellen und auch noch auf der Ebene einzelner Moleküle zu charakterisieren, ist allerdings eine große Herausforderung“, erklärt Univ.-Prof. Dr. Leonhard Grill vom Institut für Chemie der Uni Graz. Mit einem erfolgreichen Experiment sind die WissenschafterInnen einen großen Schritt weitergekommen. Die Ergebnisse wurden soeben in der Juli-Ausgabe des renommierten Fachmagazins „Nature Communications“ publiziert.

Mit seiner Arbeitsgruppe hat Grill bereits verschiedene funktionale Moleküle wie Schalter oder Drähte analysiert. In einer internationalen Kooperation gelang es den WissenschafterInnen nun durch die Verwendung spezieller chemischer Zusammensetzung, molekulare Drähte mit hoher Leitfähigkeit und gleichzeitig großer mechanischer Biegsamkeit herzustellen. Dabei wurden diese gezielt auf Goldoberflächen zusammengebaut und hinsichtlich ihrer elektronischen Struktur charakterisiert. Anschließend wurde ein einzelner Draht mit einer feinen Metallspitze hochgezogen. „In diesem anspruchsvollen Experiment lassen sich sowohl die elektronischen als auch die mechanischen Eigenschaften in Echtzeit bestimmen“, schildert Grills Mitarbeiter Dr. Christophe Nacci. Die beiden Wissenschafter sind überzeugt, dass die überraschenden und bedeutenden Resultate neuartige Designs molekularer Drähte ermöglichen.

Diese Studie wurde im Rahmen des EU-Projekts AtMol („Atomic Scale and single Molecule Logic gate Technologies“) in einer internationalen Zusammenarbeit mit WissenschafterInnen der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin sowie dem französischen Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Toulouse und dem Institute of Materials Research and Engineering in Singapore durchgeführt.

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created by Dagmar Eklaude

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