Begin of page section:
Page sections:

  • Go to contents (Accesskey 1)
  • Go to position marker (Accesskey 2)
  • Go to main navigation (Accesskey 3)
  • Go to sub navigation (Accesskey 4)
  • Go to additional information (Accesskey 5)
  • Go to page settings (user/language) (Accesskey 8)
  • Go to search (Accesskey 9)

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

Begin of page section:
Page settings:

English en
Deutsch de
Search
Login

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

Begin of page section:
Search:

Search for details about Uni Graz
Close

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections


Search

Begin of page section:
Main navigation:

Page navigation:

  • University

    University
    • About the University
    • Organisation
    • Faculties
    • Library
    • Working at University of Graz
    • Campus
    Developing solutions for the world of tomorrow - that is our mission. Our students and our researchers take on the great challenges of society and carry the knowledge out.
  • Research Profile

    Research Profile
    • Our Expertise
    • Research Questions
    • Research Portal
    • Promoting Research
    • Research Transfer
    • Ethics in Research
    Scientific excellence and the courage to break new ground. Research at the University of Graz creates the foundations for making the future worth living.
  • Studies

    Studies
    • Prospective Students
    • Students
    • Welcome Weeks for First Year Students
  • Community

    Community
    • International
    • Location
    • Research and Business
    • Alumni
    The University of Graz is a hub for international research and brings together scientists and business experts. Moreover, it fosters the exchange and cooperation in study and teaching.
  • Spotlight
Topics
  • StudiGPT is here! Try it out!
  • Sustainable University
  • Researchers answer
  • Work for us
Close menu

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

Begin of page section:
You are here:

University of Graz Natural sciences News Resistente Keime
  • About the faculty
  • Our research
  • Study Service
  • Dean's office
  • Personalities
  • Institute of Biology

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

Friday, 05 May 2017

Resistente Keime

Das Enzym Relaxase mit seiner "Fracht", einem DNA-Stück (in Pink): Das Wissen um die Struktur soll helfen, Antibiotika-Resistenzen einzudämmen. Grafik: Ilangovan et al., Cell, CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Das Enzym Relaxase mit seiner "Fracht", einem DNA-Stück (in Pink): Das Wissen um die Struktur soll helfen, Antibiotika-Resistenzen einzudämmen. Grafik: Ilangovan et al., Cell, CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

ForscherInnen aus Graz und London entschlüsseln Gen-Übertragung zwischen Bakterien

Die weltweit rasant wachsende Zahl an Bakterienstämmen, denen Antibiotika nichts mehr anhaben können, stellt Medizin und Forschung vor große Herausforderungen. Einer Lösung ist Ao.Univ.-Prof. Dr. Ellen Zechner vom Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften der Uni Graz einen großen Schritt näher gekommen. Sie hat mit ihrer Arbeitsgruppe und KooperationspartnerInnen in London die Struktur des Enzyms Relaxase entschlüsselt, das mithilft, DNA zwischen Bakterien auszutauschen. Durch diesen Vorgang können ganze Populationen von Krankheitserregern binnen kürzester Zeit gegen verschiedene Antibiotika resistent werden. Die neuesten Erkenntnisse zu Aufbau, Arbeitsweise und Eigenschaften des Enzyms wurden in der aktuellen Ausgabe des Fachmagazins Cell publiziert.

Dass Bakterien grundsätzlich Erbinformationen austauschen können, ist bereits seit den 1950er-Jahren bekannt. „Trotz intensiver Forschung ist es uns erst jetzt gelungen, die Struktur des dafür verantwortlichen Schlüsselenzyms zu bestimmen“, unterstreicht Zechner die Bedeutung der bahnbrechenden Entdeckung. Dadurch können erstmals entscheidende Vorgänge während der Weitergabe von DNA erklärt werden. Das liefert völlig neue Anhaltspunkte, um die Relaxase auszuschalten und damit die Verbreitung von Antibiotika-Resistenzen einzudämmen. „Unsere Erkenntnisse könnten dazu beitragen, neue Wirkstoffe zu entwickeln, die den Austausch von Genen zwischen Bakterien unterbinden. Bisherige Versuche waren unter anderem deswegen nur mäßig erfolgreich, weil wir kein detailliertes Bild des Enzyms hatten“, schildert die Molekularbiologin.

Die Relaxase wählt gezielt Erbinformationen aus, durchtrennt die beiden DNA-Stränge und transportiert einen davon durch einen Tunnel in das Nachbarbakterium. Der jeweils fehlende Strang wird in kürzester Zeit wieder nachgebildet. Die so übertragene Immunität gegen bestimmte Medikamente kann nun von beiden Bakterien wiederum weitergegeben werden. „Binnen Minuten werden große Mengen an DNA übertragen. Das erklärt, warum sich Antibiotikaresistenzen derart rasant ausbreiten“, schildert Zechner.

An der Erforschung des Enzyms war im Rahmen von BioTechMed-Graz auch Dr. Sandro Roier vom Institut für Molekulare Biowissenschaften der Uni Graz beteiligt. Zur Entschlüsselung der Struktur hat Prof. Gabriel Waksman vom University College London maßgeblich beigetragen.

Publikation:
Aravindan Ilangovan, Christopher W.M. Kay, Sandro Roier, Hassane El Mkami, Enrico Salvadori, Ellen L. Zechner, Giulia Zanetti, Gabriel Waksman: „Cryo-EM Structure of a Relaxase Reveals the Molecular Basis of DNA Unwinding during Bacterial Conjugation“, Cell 169, 1-14

created by Dagmar Eklaude

Related news

Learning better: Can science experiments in group settings help children with autism?

How can pupils with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have positive learning experiences and improve their social skills? Researchers at the University of Graz are investigating how science experiments in group settings can contribute to this. Initial results from the project, which is funded by the Austrian Science Fund FWF, show that children react differently depending on the kind of neurodiversity, but that experimentation classes with the right setting definitely have potential. "Pupils with ASD can do more than is currently expected of them in many cases," says project leader Uwe Simon.

Sustainability Award 2024 for two projects of the University of Graz

How do major international conferences reduce their carbon footprint? And what can maths lessons contribute to education for sustainable development? Two questions that were answered at the University of Graz. The corresponding projects were awarded the Sustainability Award 2024 in silver on 26 November in Vienna. This award for Austria's universities and colleges is presented by the Ministry of Science and the Ministry of Climate Protection.

Bees under observation: University of Graz provides unprecedented insights into the hive

What is going on in the combs? How many eggs is the queen laying? How much honey is there? Autonomous robots and AI algorithms provide important data and high-resolution real-time images from inside a beehive. "As part of an international team, we have developed a game-changer technology for a new type of digitalised behavioural research," reports biologist Thomas Schmickl from the Artifical Life Lab at the University of Graz. The publication, which has just appeared as the cover story in the journal "Science Robotics", describes the wealth of information that can be obtained from this unique research facility.

Research for healthy aging: FWF funds Cluster of Excellence "MetAGE" with 18 million euros

Six researchers from the Field of Excellence "BioHealth" at the University of Graz, together with colleagues from the Medical Universities of Graz and Vienna, have acquired an FWF-funded "Cluster of Excellence". Now a newly formed center of excellence will be created under the leadership of the University of Graz. The aim is to gain a better understanding of healthy aging. The findings will flow directly into clinical research.

Begin of page section:
Additional information:

University of Graz
Universitaetsplatz 3
8010 Graz
Austria
  • Contact
  • Web Editors
  • Moodle
  • UNIGRAZonline
  • Imprint
  • Data Protection Declaration
  • Accessibility Declaration
Weatherstation
Uni Graz

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections

Begin of page section:

End of this page section. Go to overview of page sections