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University of Graz Natural sciences News Weniger Verluste
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Thursday, 05 June 2014

Weniger Verluste

Etwa 12,5 % der österreichischen Bienenvölker verendeten im vergangenen Winter. Foto: Nikola Milatovic

Etwa 12,5 % der österreichischen Bienenvölker verendeten im vergangenen Winter. Foto: Nikola Milatovic

Uni Graz untersucht Wintersterblichkeit von Bienenvölkern

Der milde Winter 2013/2014 war auch mild zu den Honigbienen Österreichs. Die bundesweite Verlustrate lag mit rund 12,5 Prozent deutlich niedriger als in den Wintern davor – allerdings leicht über einer als normal angesehenen Sterblichkeit. Zu diesem Ergebnis kommen Univ.-Prof. Dr. Karl Crailsheim und Dr. Robert Brodschneider vom Institut für Zoologie der Uni Graz nach der Auswertung der aktuellen Daten. Die beiden sammeln seit sieben Jahren Angaben von Imkereien. „Wir haben bisher mehr als 5200 Datensätze erhalten, die wir für weitere epidemiologische Untersuchungen nutzen und als Datenbank auf www.Bienenstand.at auch der Öffentlichkeit zur Verfügung stellen“, erklärt Robert Brodschneider.

Dass etwa zehn Prozent der Bienenvölker in einem Winter in Österreich verenden, wird von vielen Fachleuten als normal angesehen. Im letzten Jahr lagen die Verlustraten in manchen Bundesländern allerdings über den Durchschnittswerten (siehe Tabelle). Um diese regionalen Unterschiede besser zu verstehen und vor allem eine hohe Sterblichkeit – wie im Winter 2011/12 – zu verhindern, forschen die Grazer ZoologInnen im Rahmen des mit 2,4 Millionen Euro dotierten Projekts „Zukunft Biene“ an den genauen Ursachen. „Wir haben die finanziellen Mittel, um in den nächsten Jahren genaue Untersuchungen mit großräumigen Probenahmen sowie Grundlagenforschung durchzuführen“, erklärt Projektleiter Karl Crailsheim. Sein Team arbeitet dabei mit der Agentur für Gesundheit und Ernährungssicherheit (AGES) und dem Wegener Center für Klima und Globalen Wandel der Karl-Franzens-Universität zusammen. Während der Flugsaison wird auch untersucht werden, wie stark die Bienenvölker dem Einfluss von Pflanzenschutzmitteln ausgesetzt sind.

Nähere Infos:
www.zukunft-biene.at
www.coloss.org: Die Untersuchung wird im Rahmen der Vereinigung COLOSS (Prevention of honey bee colony losses) durchgeführt.
Die internationalen Ergebnisse des vorigen Winters (2012/13) wurden im Journal of Apicultural Research publiziert (van der Zee et  al., 2014):  http://www.ibra.org.uk/downloads/20140221_1/download

created by Dagmar Eklaude

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